|
''Bald's Leechbook'' (also known as ''Medicinale Anglicum'') is an Old English medical text probably compiled in the ninth-century, possibly under the influence of Alfred the Great's educational reforms.〔Nokes, Richard Scott ‘The several compilers of Bald’s Leechbook’ in ''Anglo-Saxon England'' 33 Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2004, pp. 51-76〕 It takes its name from a Latin verse colophon at the end of the second book which begins ''Bald habet hunc librum Cild quem conscribere iussit'', meaning "Bald owns this book which he ordered Cild to compile."〔 The text survives in only one manuscript, held in London at the British Library.〔Ker, N. R. ''Catalogue of Manuscripts Containing Anglo-Saxon'', Oxford: 1957, Reprint with addenda 1990. Item 264.〕 The manuscript contains one further medical text, called ''Leechbook III'', which is also included in this entry. ==The Organisation of Bald's ''Leechbook''== Both books are organised in a head-to-foot order, but the first book deals with external maladies, the second with internal disorders. Cameron notes that "This separation of external and internal diseases may be unique in medieval medical texts".〔Cameron, M. L., ''Anglo-Saxon Medicine'', Cambridge Studies in Anglo-Saxon England 7, Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1993, p 42.〕 Cameron notes that "in Bald's ''Leechbook'' is the only plastic surgery mentioned in Anglo-Saxon records".〔Cameron, M. L., ''Anglo-Saxon Medicine'', Cambridge Studies in Anglo-Saxon England 7, Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1993, p. 169.〕 The recipe in particular prescribes surgery for a Cleft lip and palate, Leechbook i, chapter 13 (pr Cockayne p 56). Cameron also notes that of the Old English Medical compilations "''Leechbook'' iii reflects most closely the medical practice of the Anglo-Saxons while they were still relatively free of Mediterranean influences," in contrast to Bald's ''Leechbook'' which "shows a conscious effort to transfer to Anglo-Saxon practice what one physician considered most useful in native and Mediterranean medicine," and the ''Lacnunga'', which is "a sort of common place book with no other apparent aim than to record whatever items of medical interest came to the scribe's attention".〔Cameron, M. L., ''Anglo-Saxon Medicine'', Cambridge Studies in Anglo-Saxon England 7, Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1993, p. 35.〕 Rev. Oswald Cockayne, editor and translator of an 1865 edition of the ''Leechbook'', made note in his introduction of what he termed 'a Norse element' in the text, and gave, as example, words such ''torbegate'', ''rudniolin'', ''ons worm'' and ''Fornets palm''. 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Bald's Leechbook」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
|